OZhSS - blood test and what it means

2024 Author: James Gerald | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 14:00

If a person has constant alarming signs (a feeling of fatigue, loss of habitual working capacity, drowsiness and shortness of breath, negative changes in the condition of nails, hair and skin, dizziness and tinnitus), then a set of studies is undertaken to diagnose the condition. Among others, a blood test for OZHSS is prescribed, and what it means - we will consider in more detail.

What is OZHSS

Blood and its components are important diagnostic parameters for determining the patient's condition, the adequacy of the treatment, and obtaining information about the functionality of organs and systems. There are different techniques, general and targeted at individual parameters. It is possible to understand what the OZHSS blood test means only if the diagnostician has the rest of the data of a comprehensive study at his disposal.

The abbreviation stands for the total iron-binding capacity of the serum. Sometimes it is replaced with other synonymous terms, with the addition or truncation of words from the phrase, but the essence of the kinetic colorimetric method does not change from this - for the study, venous blood is used. At the same time, all possible factors of data distortion are excluded. Interpretation is made in accordance with other diagnostic data, medical history and physical examination of the patient.

What does OZHSS mean in a blood test can be understood by getting an idea only in conjunction with other indicators:

• serum iron - a figure reflecting the level of iron in the blood;
• the level of ferritin - a bright biological marker reflecting iron deficiency states, the accumulation of iron in the protein that is not used by blood elements;
• transferrin - an indicator of the type of progressive anemia, a reflector of iron metabolism;
• the level of vitamin B12, which clearly demonstrates whether the absorption of iron from food intake occurs.

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The importance of determining the level of TIBC in a blood test means not only the amount of ferrum, but also its relationship and circulation. The amount of hemoglobin in erythrocytes (unlike other data) is a signal of pathological changes that can no longer be ignored.

It is a common misconception that such studies are used only when anemia is suspected, but the symptoms of this disease are uncharacteristic and characteristic of many other pathologies. The use of the diagnostic method makes it possible to differentiate assumptions, to confirm that the disease is caused by disorders of iron metabolism, or to exclude them.

When used

Iron, as a trace element, which is part of hemoglobin in erythrocytes that transport oxygen necessary for life, comes from food components and is carried by transferrin. The amount of transport means provided by nature depends not only on nutrition, but also on the normal functionality of the liver.

A blood test helps to determine what TIBC means:

• iron is gradually added to the biological material (blood serum);
• this occurs before the transferrin centers are fully loaded;
• then the amount of iron associated with the rebasing agent is measured;
• this allows you to determine the level of the content of transferrin in the blood and the amount of iron, which is lacking.

Exceeding the norm of a specific protein means a lack of iron - nature has taken care of a mechanism that allows you to effectively bind with a trace element that is in deficiency. If there is an excess of iron in the body, this is also evidence of pathology. At the same time, the transferrin index decreases, which means that the iron-binding capacity of blood serum decreases.

Not only anemia, but also acute leukemia, inflammation, infectious processes (chronic and acute), diseases for which there is no cure can lead to changes in indicators. These include: lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, physiological conditions, taking medications and oral contraceptives, renal and hepatic pathologies, hereditary diseases, burn injuries.

Sometimes a decrease in TIBS is observed with impaired intestinal functionality, repeated transfusions of donor blood, an excess of iron-containing drugs. Taken together, the data from such a study provide grounds for assumptions that are confirmed or refuted by other laboratory tests. So you can find a reliable cause of negative symptoms and deal with their elimination.

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How to understand that there are violations

Self-decryption of the data obtained without medical knowledge is an unrealistic event. Despite the indication that the norm does not change in terms of age and sex indicators, the comments always indicate the relationship of the index with the individual characteristics of each organism, the ability of the humoral fluid to change under the influence of internal and external factors.

It is impossible to interpret the meaning of TIBC without the rest of the data from the comprehensive study. For example, a simultaneous increase in the level of TIBC and ferritin may indicate the development of hepatitis, and separately taken values leave a lot of room for speculation.

The table clearly demonstrates the breadth of the reference indications that fall under the concept of the norm:

In children	In men	Among women
Newborns and up to 2 years 18-71 μmol / l	45-77 μmol / l,	45-77 μmol / l,
From 2 years of age 45-77 μmol / l		May be slightly higher than normal during pregnancy

The factual identity of normal indicators in children who have reached the age of two and in adults does not mean that there are options when its increase is considered normal, except for pregnant women, but a lower one requires correction. Although this is not necessary. In the last stages of bearing a child, this is not evidence of pathology, but the result of the completion of the condition.

Preparation for analysis

Like most studies of humoral fluid, a blood test for TIBC requires a responsible patient attitude and adherence to certain conditions:

• refusal of food for 8-14 hours (this is the minimum and maximum limit);
• a ban on alcohol (throughout the day) and smoking (a few hours before blood sampling);
• avoidance of physical and psycho-emotional overload (positive and negative);
• stopping oral contraceptives and iron-containing drugs in a week;
• refusal from exhausting diets and starvation;
• restriction of fatty, salty and spicy food in the food consumed.

Without careful preparation, it is possible to obtain incorrect indicators, the emergence of alarming assumptions, the need for additional, often expensive analyzes.

An increase in serum iron can be triggered by the time of day, but the TIBC level is a stable indicator, to determine which a special method is used. The appointment of a study is justified if the doctor has doubts about the data of another blood test, the patient has symptoms indicating an increase or decrease in the normal level of iron. Sometimes such an analysis is prescribed during ongoing therapeutic measures to monitor the effectiveness of treatment.

It is not worthwhile to interpret the data on your own - an increase in TIBS may equally be the result of anemia, acute hepatitis and the third trimester of pregnancy. There are many reasons for its decrease: from chronic infections and systemic diseases, to cirrhosis of the liver, inherited pathologies, drug overdose.

Outcomes

TIBSS is a diagnostic study that is carried out to determine the binding capacity of blood serum. It is deciphered only together with other indicators - ferritin, transferrin, hemoglobin content in erythrocytes.

The concept of the norm in adult men and women, children from 2 years of age is practically the same. An increase and decrease can mean both normal and pathological conditions. To avoid the consequences of data distortion, the conditions for preparing for the collection of biomaterial must be observed.