Whose Nagorno-Karabakh - Armenian or Azerbaijani

2024 Author: James Gerald | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 14:00

After Azerbaijan and Armenia on September 27, 2020 again began hostilities for the unrecognized republic of Nagorno-Karabakh, the history of this conflict, whose Nagorno-Karabakh is Armenian or Azerbaijani, is of interest.

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Nagorno-Karabakh: historical and geographical reference

The two republics have been fighting for this territory since the collapse of the USSR. Russia was able to freeze the conflict that arose in the 90s and prevent the destruction of peoples who once lived in one country.

The Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, or Artsakh, as the Armenians call this territory, is geographically located in Azerbaijan. It has a long border with Armenia, which has been claiming these territories since 1991, but does not recognize the independent state that was proclaimed immediately after the collapse of the USSR.

The population of the unrecognized state is 150 thousand people, 99% of whom are Armenians. In addition to them, national minorities live here, which are united with the Armenians by a common Orthodox faith:

• Russians;
• Ukrainians;
• Greeks;
• Georgians.

There are also Azerbaijanis in Karabakh who have lived here since Soviet times, but there are only a few of them. If you look at the composition of the indigenous population of this Transcaucasian region, then many immediately draw a conclusion about whose real Nagorno-Karabakh.

Artsakh is an Armenian territory, which for this people, scattered in different countries, is the same shrine as Mount Ararat. According to the Moscow treaty of 1921, together with the Suralinsky district of the Erivan province and the Kara region, it ceded to Turkey.

This territory has been part of the Russian Empire since 1828. Nakhichevan was transferred to Azerbaijan under a protectorate, which today is an enclave of Azerbaijan, separated from it by the territory of Armenia. It is an autonomous region, in which the bulk of the population under the USSR were Azerbaijanis and Armenians.

Artsakh is for Armenians, like Israel is for Jews. They come to Nagorno-Karabakh from different countries of the world.

Formation of Nagorno-Karabakh

If we consider whose Nagorno-Karabakh is in reality, then according to historical artifacts it can be established that the Armenians lived in this territory from the 4th-2nd centuries. BC NS. Researchers of the ancient history of the Caucasus and Transcaucasia indicate that the Armenians appeared on the eastern banks of the Kura River as early as the 4th century. BC.

They began to actively promote Armenian culture among the local (not Indo-European) population. Then Artsakh was part of the Armenian Kingdom, and then - Great Armenia, which became the first state to adopt the Christian religion. Artsakh had 10 provinces as part of the world's first Christian state, which is confirmed by documents.

After Great Armenia was divided between Byzantium and Persia, the Armenian principality of Khachen was created in Artsakh, which later became part of the Armenian state of Bagratids. In the 16th and early 17th centuries. Khachen split into 5 Armenian principalities, which were soon conquered by the Ottoman Empire.

It was Nagorno-Karabakh that was the center of the uprising of Armenians against the Turkish occupation in the 1720s. After the victory in the Russian-Persian war and the signing of an agreement between Persia and Russia, it became part of the Russian Empire. In 1823, the territory was transformed from a khanate into a Karabakh province.

Written sources and peace treaties, starting from the era of Great Armenia, show whose history Nagorno-Karabakh really was. For more than 2 thousand.years this territory belonged to the Armenians, which is also indicated by Wikipedia.

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History of Karabakh in the XX century

After the collapse of the Russian Empire, Karabakh, under the terms of the Moscow Treaty of 1920 and the Treaty of Kars of 1921, became part of the Socialist Republic of Azerbaijan, where it entered as an autonomous region. In fact, this part of the territory of Azerbaijan, even during the Soviet era, was always inhabited by Armenians, who constituted the bulk of the region's population.

After the USSR collapsed in 1991, Nagorno-Karabakh became one of the first self-proclaimed states that was not recognized by either Armenia or the Russian Federation. For 30 years, the Armenian population of Karabakh has been stubbornly defending its independence from Azerbaijan.

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In 1994, with the mediation of Russia, it was possible to freeze the conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia, which supported Karabakh materially thanks to a long common border. Today, the Armenian-Azerbaijani contradictions have again aggravated, in which the two sides by military means again resolve the issue of who owns Nagorno-Karabakh.

Today the situation has become aggravated due to the fact that Turkey has unofficially become a party to the conflict, which seeks to oust the Armenians from their historical territory and completely tear Azerbaijan away from Russia. Now the history of 30 years ago is repeating itself again, but only now the regional conflict can develop into full-scale military actions, in which the CSTO and NATO countries can be involved. This may happen due to the fact that the conflict begins to grow from the Armenian-Azerbaijani to the Russian-Turkish one.

Outcomes

It is really difficult to find an answer to the question whose Nagorno-Karabakh belongs to. Despite the fact that Armenia supports Artsakh, it does not officially recognize it. Although geographically Nagorno-Karabakh is located on the territory of Azerbaijan, it has always been an independent territory - first autonomy, and now an unrecognized but independent state.