The best time to plant tomato seedlings in 2019

2024 Author: James Gerald | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 14:00

To navigate in 2019, when to plant tomatoes for seedlings, it is best to look at the lunar calendar. Sometimes on the network you can find tables with the schedule of landings by region.

Many summer residents are afraid to grow seedlings on their own and prefer to buy ready-made ones. But where is the guarantee that the variety will be exactly the one that the seller promised. In addition, the beautiful appearance of the seedlings does not mean that the tomatoes will grow of high quality and the harvest will be at the expected time.

Faced with such troubles, sooner or later, most gardeners come to the decision to grow seedlings on their own.

When to plant tomatoes for seedlings in 2019 according to the lunar calendar

First of all, you need to decide when to sow the seeds. It depends on the variety of tomatoes and on the place of planting the finished seedlings, in open ground or in a greenhouse, as well as on the region of residence.

Early varieties should be sown 55-65 days before the first harvest, mid-ripening in 90-110 days, late varieties at least 120 days. In addition, the manufacturer always indicates the sowing time and harvest time on the seed package.

As a rule, to find out when to plant tomatoes for seedlings in 2019, they use not only the lunar calendar.

Advice! If the seedlings are planted in open ground, it is necessary to calculate the required number of days from the approximate end of spring frosts in the reverse order. If the seedlings are planted in the greenhouse, then the seeds can be sown earlier.

Supporting the recommendations of many gardeners, it was noticed that the seedlings have stronger seedlings, and the seedlings are of better quality. The full lunar cycle includes four phases, each of which gardeners and gardeners use for certain work with cultivated plants:

1. New moon. On this day, it is not recommended to work with the plant. It is better to do loosening or processing the soil, it is also allowed to carry out weeding or pruning. The gardeners noticed that the seeds of crops collected on this day are distinguished by their quality and friendly shoots.
2. Waxing Crescent. This period lasts about 11 days. It is believed that the plants are in active growth at this time. Therefore, it will be ideal if the tomatoes are planted or sown at the beginning of the cycle. So in 2019 it is recommended to plant tomatoes for seedlings at this time.
3. Full moon. There are very few such days in a month, they are ideal for pest and weed control. It is better not to do the rest of the work in the garden and garden.
4. Waning moon. Usually this lunar phase lasts no more than 12 days. It was noticed that during this period, the growth of roots is slower, they become more sensitive to damage, so it is better to work with the above-ground parts - this is working with seeds, pruning, watering, pinching, weeding, fertilizing.

When can you sow tomatoes for seedlings by region

Russia has different weather conditions by region, which depend on the climatic zone. For example, the southern regions allow planting seedlings to a permanent place in April, but the gardeners of the northern regions can do this only in mid-June.

Therefore, the seeds planted in March according to the lunar calendar do not always justify themselves. And yet, the question of when to plant tomatoes for seedlings in 2019 needs to be approached more seriously.

If we figured out the lunar calendar quickly and easily, then planting seedlings in open ground, taking into account the regions, will be more difficult. After all, if you plant the roots early, then even if the frost does not beat, then they will not grow, they will become thin and weak, if you plant them late, then this will also have a bad effect on their condition and fruiting will be delayed.

Many experienced gardeners believe that at the time of planting in the ground, at least 8 true leaves should be present on the stem, but there should be no flowers.

In the suburbs and the Central lane

For this strip of the Russian Federation, the landing date after May 15 is considered the most optimal. Taking the earliest date as a basis, you can fully calculate the sowing period in the region. When planting tomatoes for seedlings in 2019 in Moscow using the lunar calendar, choose the date carefully.

The period of full growth of tomatoes before fruiting is indicated on the factory pack, for mid-season varieties it is 50-55 days. For example, let it be equal to 55 days, add 7 days for germination and 4 days for adaptation, we get 66 days.

Now from May 15 backwards on the calendar we count 66 days, as a result we get the approximate number of sowing seeds - March 11. Further, it remains only to choose the next favorable days for sowing according to the lunar calendar.

In the Leningrad region

The calculation of planting in the ground is done according to the same principle as in the Moscow region. But given the high humidity with an abundance of rains, plus late frosts, it is necessary to plant the planting no earlier than the end of May.

In Siberia and the Urals

Late-ripening varieties are not suitable for these regions, due to late ripening. Therefore, it is worth paying attention in Siberia only to early and middle types of tomatoes. Due to prolonged frosts, plants are planted in the ground no earlier than June 8-10, and seedlings are sown at the end of March. In the Urals, plant tomatoes for seedlings in 2019, choosing dates according to the lunar calendar, take into account the possibility of late frosts.

Planting tomatoes in the South of Russia

In the southern regions, such as the Krasnodar Territory, gardeners practice the non-seedling method of growing tomatoes. Thanks to the abundance of sunlight and optimal humidity, even with this method of cultivation, late-ripening varieties have time to ripen. Well, those who are used to planting seedlings begin to do this already in early February, respectively, planting in the ground is carried out in late April or early May.

Important! The existing modern polycarbonate greenhouses in some gardeners greatly facilitate and increase the survival rate and endurance of the plant. Indoor ground protects the plant from many negative weather factors: hail and other precipitation, frost, sudden temperature changes.

There are a great variety of varieties, the choice is mainly made based on the taste preferences of the consumer, yield and depending on where and in what way it will grow.

Seedling containers and useful tools

In the old fashioned way, seedlings are sown in wooden boxes, collecting land from the garden in advance, it is better if it is black soil, it contains all the necessary trace elements and nutrients. After sowing, the boxes are placed on the windowsills.

Advice! Seeds can be sown in plastic or peat cups, pots, cassettes. You should sow several seeds in order to choose the stronger ones or not all will sprout.

Currently, there are many other devices for growing seedlings, some of them simplify planting in the ground:

1. Peat pots. When the time for planting comes, the seedling, along with the pot, is sent into the ground, while there is no risk of damage to it. The pot dissolves over time in the earth, adding nutrients to it and normalizing the alkaline balance.
2. Drawers with glasses inside, their number is regulated. Saving space, convenience when transplanting (the roots do not intertwine with each other, do not bare, since the planting is carried out together with the soil in which they sprout).
3. Plastic cassettes, inside are divided into cells, their number can be different from 4 to 50 pieces, round or square.
4. Mini greenhouses, in length up to 60 cm. The presence of the cover ensures the maintenance of the microclimate, temperature and humidity.
5. Electric heating mat. Installed under containers with seedlings, it maintains the optimal temperature for the development of the root system.
6. Phytolamps, additional lighting stimulates faster growth and the best development of seedlings in a lack of light.

When to plant tomatoes for seedlings for a polycarbonate greenhouse

Increasingly, polycarbonate greenhouses are replacing the glass and polyethylene options familiar to everyone. There are much more advantages to such a shelter, but there are also peculiarities in the timing of planting, cultivation and soil preparation.

The main advantages of polycarbonate greenhouses:

• accelerate planting and growth rate of seedlings;
• additional heating is not used;
• plants are protected from frost and precipitation;
• there is no sharp change in air temperature;
• there is a possibility of growing tomatoes without a seedling method, which significantly saves time. How and when you can sow tomatoes for seedlings is set out in the table.

It is most convenient to make beds in the shape of the letters "p" or "w", with a bed width of 70 - 90 cm. The distance between the bushes must be kept 35-50 cm.

The roots are planted in a checkerboard pattern, removing the bottom 2-3 leaves, using the transshipment method. After planting, abundant watering is required.

Preparing seedlings for planting in a greenhouse

Before planting in a permanent place, the roots must be hardened. To do this, after the appearance of 2-3 true leaves, in the room where the containers with it are located, they begin to open the vents for 30 - 60 minutes or windows, avoiding drafts.

Important! Before planting seedlings in open ground, hardening must be done in two weeks. You should start by lowering the temperature, take it to a cooler place, for example, to the balcony and leave it there for a longer time each time, then also outside. At the end of hardening, the seedlings can be left overnight.

The procedure is repeated for 3 days, then the airing time is increased. After a week, the seedlings can be gradually taken out into the street, starting with 2-hour walks and extending for the whole day.

Preparing the greenhouse for planting tomatoes

Greenhouses for planting seedlings are prepared in advance, about a week in advance. They do a complete cleaning, including disinfection, prepare the soil and break the ridges.

If the soil is clay or loamy, it will be useful to add sawdust, season it with peat and humus. Coarse sand can be added.

You also need to apply fertilizers:

• potassium sulfate per 1 sq. m. 1 st. l.;
• superphosphate per 1 sq. m. 2 st. l.

Before planting, the earth is spilled with a weak solution of manganese potassium. It will be nice if you pour 2 glasses of Zaslon solution into the hole when landing.

Landing in the ground

Best time to disembark:

• to the greenhouse in the second half of May;
• in open ground in the first half of June.

The distance between the holes is 30 by 40 cm. The dimensions of the hole are slightly larger than an earthen coma with a plant. In cloudy weather, disembarkation is carried out in the morning, in sunny weather - in the late afternoon.

The earth should be dug up, loosened and treated with a solution of copper sulfate or karbofos (for 10 liters of water 2 tablespoons), the same actions are carried out in a greenhouse for disinfection.

Having lowered the seedling into the hole, sprinkle with earth, compact it to prevent excess air from entering, pour warm water. Now you can safely wait for the harvest, not forgetting about timely watering.

Possible sowing errors

1. Tomatoes, although not a capricious plant, are quite delicate and thermophilic, so planting tomatoes for seedlings in 2019 according to the dates recommended by the lunar calendar should be made as few mistakes as possible.
2. Sowing density - affects the quality, seedlings will be weakened in case of lack of nutrients and tightness, damage is possible when planting in the ground due to entangled roots.
3. The sowing depth should be no more than one cm; with a greater deepening, the seeds may not have enough strength and light for growth.
4. Do not overflow - excessive moisture destroys seedlings, watering should be moderate at the root, in dry air, water can be sprayed from above.
5. Prevent hypothermia of the earth.
6. In warm weather, provide a supply of fresh air. The possibility of temporarily placing on the balcony, or simply arranging ventilation by opening a window or a window, will have a beneficial effect on the hardening of the plant.
7. Apply top dressing with caution. For the first time, it is done 10-15 days after germination. In the future, repeat the procedure every week, using only half of the indicated dose in the instructions.
8. After the beginning of flowering, it is necessary to transplant the seedlings into the soil or greenhouse within 15 days, without doing this - the yield will decrease. If this is not possible, you can remove the inflorescence, thus, it will be possible to postpone the transplant for another 10 days, without losing the size of the tomato collection.

The article described how and when to sow tomatoes for seedlings in 2019, using the dates according to the lunar calendar. If all the conditions are met correctly, then a healthy seedling with strong stems and a developed root system is obtained, which will delight summer residents with a bountiful harvest.