How and when to plant garlic outdoors in spring

2024 Author: James Gerald | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-12 17:37

Planting garlic in the open ground in spring must be preceded by familiarization with the terms and rules of this process in order to obtain a guaranteed high yield.

When to plant

The timing of the spring planting of garlic depends on:

• climatic conditions of the growing region;
• varieties of garlic.

To plant garlic in the open ground in spring, it is necessary that the soil has already thawed after winter frosts, and the air temperature warms up to +5 ° C.

Under such conditions, the root system will begin to develop rapidly and the green ground part will actively grow towards further warming.

Even if the threat of frost still persists in the region, then garlic will withstand a short-term minus up to 8-10 degrees.

Landing dates by region

Due to the wide range of characteristics of climatic conditions, the timing of spring planting of garlic fits into the trimester:

• March;
• April;
• May.

The beginning of June can also be seen as a possible period for planting garlic for all regions. Residents of the southern regions can take advantage of all the favorable period for planting garlic in the spring in open ground, and in the northern regions, it is necessary to strictly observe the terms.

Recommended timing by region:

• southern - the second decade of March;
• central - mid-April;
• northern - early May.

Interesting! Dates of planting strawberries for seedlings according to the lunar calendar 2020

Favorable days for planting garlic according to the lunar calendar

For those who correlate their decisions on planting various crops with the lunar calendar, we note that in 2020, during the indicated months, garlic can be sown on favorable days of the indicated months.

These include:

• March - 8, 10, 16-19;
• April - 5-7, 9-15, 17-22, 27-30;
• May - 2-6, 9, 11, 12, 20-22, 29-31;
• June - 7-9, 11-14.

It will be especially undesirable to plant garlic in the open ground in the spring on the days of the full moon and new moon, as well as when the moon is in the sign of Aquarius.

What variety to plant

For spring planting of garlic, spring varieties are most suitable, however, subject to additional rules, winter crops (intended for autumn planting) can also be planted.

Many gardeners believe that it is better to plant garlic before winter, but this is not the case with the right choice of planting material and adherence to agricultural practices. Planting spring garlic outdoors in spring allows you to get an excellent harvest with a long shelf life.

You can distinguish spring garlic from winter garlic by carefully looking at the location of the cloves in the head. In spring varieties, the cloves are arranged in a spiral, decreasing in size towards the center.

Spring varieties have a number of advantages over winter crops:

• do not start up arrows;
• do not have a central rod, completely filling the head with teeth;
• sweeter (10-12% more sugar);
• stored longer (almost until the next harvest).

However, there are also disadvantages:

• low productivity;
• reproduce only by cloves (winter crops also by bulbs);
• small teeth.

By timing, varieties are distinguished into:

• early maturing;
• mid-season.

Interesting! Step-by-step instructions on how to grow eggplant seedlings

Recommended varieties:

• Yelensky;
• Victorio;
• Sochi 56;
• Kledor;
• Gulliver;
• Permyak.

If you are planting spring garlic in the open ground for the first time, then you should try several varieties at once. Such practicality will allow in the future to choose the most suitable variety of garlic for the site and cultivate only it.

Choosing a landing site

For planting spring garlic, not on greens, but on the heads, you should choose a sunny and well-ventilated place. Even in the fall, one should decide on the basis of previous crops. Favorable predecessors of garlic include:

• mustard;
• oats;
• peas;
• pumpkin;
• zucchini;
• strawberries;
• cucumbers.

On the contrary, it is not recommended to plant garlic in the area where in the last season they grew:

• potato;
• radish;
• beet;
• carrot;
• onion;
• eggplant;
• pepper;
• tomatoes.

Soil for sowing garlic

If you want to get the highest yield possible, you should also carefully consider the choice of soil. She must be:

• fertile;
• loose;
• medium or light loamy;
• sandy;
• not watery.

It is better to prepare the soil for planting garlic of spring varieties in the open ground in the spring in the fall, removing the remnants of the predecessor and digging up the ground “with a bayonet”. If necessary, decontamination of possible pests should be carried out.

In addition, it is advisable to apply fertilizers before digging, taking into account the condition of the soil and at the rate of 1 m²:

• loamy - 4 kg of humus + 10 kg of urea + 40 g of superphosphate;
• clayey - 6 kg of humus + 6 kg of peat + 10 kg of sand + 40 g of superphosphate;
• sandy loam - humus and peat in a ratio of 1: 2, superphosphate and urea in a ratio of 3: 1;
• peat - 6 kg of humus + 10 kg of sand + 10 kg of urea + 40 g of superphosphate.

Preparation of planting material

Taking care of the material for the spring planting of garlic begins in the same way as the soil, in the fall:

• carefully dry the heads of garlic in a well-ventilated place;
• we store garlic only in the heads, without disassembling it into chives;
• we comply with the storage conditions.

It is possible to reliably save the heads of garlic for planting, saving them from rot and drying, in such popular ways among gardeners:

• wrap each head in a "breathable" cling film;
• dip in melted, slightly cooled paraffin;
• place in a box with onion peels or sawdust;
• braid and hang.

In addition, the basic requirements for the room in which the garlic will be stored for planting must be met:

• cool temperature;
• good air circulation.

A month before planting, it is advisable to subject the heads of garlic to stratification, for which the planting material is placed in the ground at a temperature of + 1 … + 3 ° C.

Before planting, it is necessary to carry out the following agrotechnical measures:

1. Calibration. For this, the largest ones, located in the first row of heads, are selected from the garlic disassembled into chives.
2. Rejection. Get rid of teeth with obvious signs of illness, as well as degenerate ones. Degeneration is evidenced by a small number of teeth in the head, as well as their duplication.

It is not necessary to germinate the planting material before planting, and if the planting dates are risky early, then due to possible frosts, the threat to the crop is obvious. Germination of cloves is advisable if the planting of the material is slightly late, or there is reason to accelerate the growth of the aerial part of the garlic.

Final preparation of planting material

A day before planting spring garlic in open ground in spring, the planting material should be brought into a warm room to warm up and activate growth processes.

You can also place the garlic in a humid, warm environment: wrap it with a cloth dampened in water, or put it in a container with a little water. Be sure to put everything in a warm place, such as a battery.

Interesting! Planting and caring for lyatrix in the open field

It is still advisable to soak high-quality teeth for 2-5 minutes:

• in a weak solution of potassium permanganate on the day of disembarkation;
• in ash solution;
• in a solution of copper sulfate;
• in a saline solution (1 tbsp. l. per 1 liter of water).

If the quality of the seed is suspicious, then it should be soaked in a warm solution of one of the fungicides: Fundazol, Maxim, Fitosporin.

After disinfection measures, it is advisable to treat the seed material with growth stimulants, according to the instructions for use. For this purpose, you can use effective drugs Zircon or Epin.

Rules for planting spring garlic

When planting spring garlic in the open ground in spring, certain rules must be observed:

• loosen the prepared soil in the fall;
• make shallow grooves with a distance of 20-25 cm between them.

Spring garlic cloves prepared according to all the rules should be laid in rows with the roots down and the distance between them is 7-8 cm. Fill with earth from above and lightly tamp. The layer of earth above the tops of the cloves should not exceed 2 cm.

If the soil is excessively dry during planting, then it is advisable to water the beds with warm water. Cover with dry earth on top and do not water.

Planting care

Garlic, as you know, does not require any special care, timely watering and loosening is quite enough. If fertilizers were applied correctly in the fall, then they can not be added additionally during the growing season. However, it is still better to feed at least by the middle of the growing season using organic fertilizers:

• dust with wood ash powder;
• pour a solution of Aquarin (2 tablespoons per 10 liters of water).

A liter of horse or cow manure can be added to the solution.

As for watering, it is very important to know when and how much moisture is needed to obtain a high yield. Of course, in this matter it is necessary to focus on specific weather conditions during the growing season, but the general rules can be described briefly:

• intensive watering until the middle of the vegetative period;
• moderate in the second half, when 5-6 leaves are already formed;
• complete cessation of watering two to three weeks before harvest.

When cultivating such an unpretentious culture as garlic on your site, in accordance with all the rules of agricultural technology, success in obtaining a high yield is guaranteed not only to experienced gardeners, but also to beginners.